Response to second treatment after initial failed treatment in a multicenter prospective infantile spasms cohort.

TitleResponse to second treatment after initial failed treatment in a multicenter prospective infantile spasms cohort.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2016
AuthorsKnupp KG, Leister E, Coryell J, Nickels KC, Ryan N, Juarez-Colunga E, Gaillard WD, Mytinger JR, Berg AT, Millichap J, Nordli DR, Joshi S, Shellhaas RA, Loddenkemper T, Dlugos D, Wirrell E, Sullivan J, Hartman AL, Kossoff EH, Grinspan ZM, Hamikawa L
Corporate AuthorsPediatric Epilepsy Research Consortium
JournalEpilepsia
Volume57
Issue11
Pagination1834-1842
Date Published2016 11
ISSN1528-1167
KeywordsAdrenocorticotropic Hormone, Anticonvulsants, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Spasms, Infantile, Treatment Failure, Vigabatrin
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Infantile spasms (IS) represent a severe epileptic encephalopathy presenting in the first 2 years of life. Recommended first-line therapies (hormonal therapy or vigabatrin) often fail. We evaluated response to second treatment for IS in children in whom the initial therapy failed to produce both clinical remission and electrographic resolution of hypsarhythmia and whether time to treatment was related to outcome.

METHODS: The National Infantile Spasms Consortium established a multicenter, prospective database enrolling infants with new diagnosis of IS. Children were considered nonresponders to first treatment if there was no clinical remission or persistence of hypsarhythmia. Treatment was evaluated as hormonal therapy (adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH] or oral corticosteroids), vigabatrin, or "other." Standard treatments (hormonal and vigabatrin) were compared to all other nonstandard treatments. We compared response rates using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression models.

RESULTS: One hundred eighteen infants were included from 19 centers. Overall response rate to a second treatment was 37% (n = 44). Children who received standard medications with differing mechanisms for first and second treatment had higher response rates than other sequences (27/49 [55%] vs. 17/69 [25%], p < 0.001). Children receiving first treatment within 4 weeks of IS onset had a higher response rate to second treatment than those initially treated later (36/82 [44%] vs. 8/34 [24%], p = 0.040).

SIGNIFICANCE: Greater than one third of children with IS will respond to a second medication. Choosing a standard medication (ACTH, oral corticosteroids, or vigabatrin) that has a different mechanism of action appears to be more effective. Rapid initial treatment increases the likelihood of response to the second treatment.

DOI10.1111/epi.13557
Alternate JournalEpilepsia
PubMed ID27615012
PubMed Central IDPMC5863234
Grant ListK23 NS092923 / NS / NINDS NIH HHS / United States
Category: 
Faculty Publication